Method and apparatus for form automatic layout

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus are provided for determining the layout of a form automatically to accommodate text in the form. Under the method and apparatus, a set of parameters define the sizing and alignment of elements of the form. Sizing and positioning instructions that are separate from the sizing and alignment parameters set the sizing and positioning of elements of the form based on the sizing and alignment parameters. The instructions determine the minimum size for the form, based in part on text in the form. The difference between the minimum size for the form and a desired size for the form is then distributed across the form to size and position the elements in the form.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to forms displayed on computing systems.In particular, the present invention relates to the layout of elementsin these forms.

In computerized systems, forms are used to provide a graphical userinterface that allows users to type in text, select entries, and controloperation of an application by manipulating displayed controls.Designing such forms involves placing controls, such as text boxes,check boxes, combo boxes, buttons, and labels on the form andprogramming the operations of each control.

Many of the controls include text. For example, a button may have theword “Cancel” on it and a label may have the text “Topic.”

To support the distribution of software in multiple languages, the textthat is applied to controls is often stored in a resource file. Thisallows the text to be converted to a different language withoutrequiring recompiling of the code that defines the form.

Ideally, the text for each control would occupy the same amount of spaceon the display regardless of the language it is written in. However,translation of the text from one language to another often involves achange in the number of characters that represent the word. As a result,a word in one language will require more display space than the sameword in another language.

One technique for accommodating the increase in character length thatcan occur during translation of the text is to layout the form toaccommodate the largest text strings of any of the languages that willbe used in the form. This is undesirable because it requires thedeveloper to consider every language that the form may be used in and itresults in a form that has a great deal of wasted space.

Another technique for handling changes in text sizes due to translationsis to change the layout of each form for each language so that the formis optimized for each language. For applications that have a largenumber of forms, this involves a great deal of work in order to make theapplication available for a large number of languages.

A third technique is to build a custom layout engine for the form thatwill move controls within the form based on the size of the textassociated with the controls. The parameters for controlling this changein the layout are programmed and compiled with the form. As a result, itis very difficult to change the alignment and growth properties that areused by the automatic layout process. In particular, in order to changethe layout formed by the automatic layout engine, the alignment andgrowth properties associated with various controls on the form must bechanged in the programming source code for the form. This source code isthen recompiled and re-tested. This is time consuming and requiresexpertise in the programming source code.

Thus, it is desirable to have a system that allows for automatic layoutof forms to accommodate different text lengths due to languagetranslations while at the same time facilitating changes in how theautomatic layout is performed without requiring recompiling of thesource code for the form.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A method and apparatus are provided for determining the layout of a formautomatically to accommodate text in the form. Under the method andapparatus, a set of parameters define the sizing and alignment ofelements of the form. Sizing and positioning instructions that areseparate from the sizing and alignment parameters set the sizing andpositioning of elements of the form based on the sizing and alignmentparameters. The instructions determine the minimum size for the form,based in part on text in the form. The difference between the minimumsize for the form and a desired size for the form is then distributedacross the form to size and position the elements in the form.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one computing environment in which thepresent invention may be practiced.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an alternative computing environment inwhich the present invention may be practiced.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a form showing displayed controls and virtualcolumns and rows.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of elements used to automatically layout aform under the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method of performing an automatic layoutunder the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram for determining the minimum size of a form.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method for determining a minimum size of agrid node under the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a method for distributing excess space underthe present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a suitable computing system environment100 on which the invention may be implemented. The computing systemenvironment 100 is only one example of a suitable computing environmentand is not intended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use orfunctionality of the invention. Neither should the computing environment100 be interpreted as having any dependency or requirement relating toany one or combination of components illustrated in the exemplaryoperating environment 100.

The invention is operational with numerous other general purpose orspecial purpose computing system environments or configurations.Examples of well-known computing systems, environments, and/orconfigurations that may be suitable for use with the invention include,but are not limited to, personal computers, server computers, hand-heldor laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems,set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs,minicomputers, mainframe computers, telephony systems, distributedcomputing environments that include any of the above systems or devices,and the like.

The invention may be described in the general context ofcomputer-executable instructions, such as program modules, beingexecuted by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines,programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Theinvention is designed to be practiced in distributed computingenvironments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices thatare linked through a communications network. In a distributed computingenvironment, program modules are located in both local and remotecomputer storage media including memory storage devices.

With reference to FIG. 1, an exemplary system for implementing theinvention includes a general-purpose computing device in the form of acomputer 110. Components of computer 110 may include, but are notlimited to, a processing unit 120, a system memory 130, and a system bus121 that couples various system components including the system memoryto the processing unit 120. The system bus 121 may be any of severaltypes of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, aperipheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of busarchitectures. By way of example, and not limitation, such architecturesinclude Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro ChannelArchitecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, Video ElectronicsStandards Association (VESA) local bus, and Peripheral ComponentInterconnect (PCI) bus also known as Mezzanine bus.

Computer 110 typically includes a variety of computer readable media.Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessedby computer 110 and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media,removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and notlimitation, computer readable media may comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media includes both volatileand nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in anymethod or technology for storage of information such as computerreadable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data.Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM,EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digitalversatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes,magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices,or any other medium which can be used to store the desired informationand which can be accessed by computer 110. Communication media typicallyembodies computer readable instructions, data structures, programmodules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier waveor other transport mechanism and includes any information deliverymedia. The term “modulated data signal” means a signal that has one ormore of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encodeinformation in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation,communication media includes wired media such as a wired network ordirect-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF,infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of any of the aboveshould also be included within the scope of computer readable media.

The system memory 130 includes computer storage media in the form ofvolatile and/or nonvolatile memory such as read only memory (ROM) 131and random access memory (RAM) 132. A basic input/output system 133(BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transfer informationbetween elements within computer 110, such as during start-up, istypically stored in ROM 131. RAM 132 typically contains data and/orprogram modules that are immediately accessible to and/or presentlybeing operated on by processing unit 120. By way of example, and notlimitation, FIG. 1 illustrates operating system 134, applicationprograms 135, other program modules 136, and program data 137.

The computer 110 may also include other removable/non-removablevolatile/nonvolatile computer storage media. By way of example only,FIG. 1 illustrates a hard disk drive 141 that reads from or writes tonon-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media, a magnetic disk drive 151that reads from or writes to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk 152,and an optical disk drive 155 that reads from or writes to a removable,nonvolatile optical disk 156 such as a CD ROM or other optical media.Other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer storagemedia that can be used in the exemplary operating environment include,but are not limited to, magnetic tape cassettes, flash memory cards,digital versatile disks, digital video tape, solid state RAM, solidstate ROM, and the like. The hard disk drive 141 is typically connectedto the system bus 121 through a non-removable memory interface such asinterface 140, and magnetic disk drive 151 and optical disk drive 155are typically connected to the system bus 121 by a removable memoryinterface, such as interface 150.

The drives and their associated computer storage media discussed aboveand illustrated in FIG. 1, provide storage of computer readableinstructions, data structures, program modules and other data for thecomputer 110. In FIG. 1, for example, hard disk drive 141 is illustratedas storing operating system 144, application programs 145, other programmodules 146, and program data 147. Note that these components can eitherbe the same as or different from operating system 134, applicationprograms 135, other program modules 136, and program data 137. Operatingsystem 144, application programs 145, other program modules 146, andprogram data 147 are given different numbers here to illustrate that, ata minimum, they are different copies.

A user may enter commands and information into the computer 110 throughinput devices such as a keyboard 162, a microphone 163, and a pointingdevice 161, such as a mouse, trackball or touch pad. Other input devices(not shown) may include a joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner,or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to theprocessing unit 120 through a user input interface 160 that is coupledto the system bus, but may be connected by other interface and busstructures, such as a parallel port, game port or a universal serial bus(USB). A monitor 191 or other type of display device is also connectedto the system bus 121 via an interface, such as a video interface 190.In addition to the monitor, computers may also include other peripheraloutput devices such as speakers 197 and printer 196, which may beconnected through an output peripheral interface 195.

The computer 110 is operated in a networked environment using logicalconnections to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer180. The remote computer 180 may be a personal computer, a hand-helddevice, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other commonnetwork node, and typically includes many or all of the elementsdescribed above relative to the computer 110. The logical connectionsdepicted in FIG. 1 include a local area network (LAN) 171 and a widearea network (WAN) 173, but may also include other networks. Suchnetworking environments are commonplace in offices, enterprise-widecomputer networks, intranets and the Internet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 110 is connectedto the LAN 171 through a network interface or adapter 170. When used ina WAN networking environment, the computer 110 typically includes amodem 172 or other means for establishing communications over the WAN173, such as the Internet. The modem 172, which may be internal orexternal, may be connected to the system bus 121 via the user inputinterface 160, or other appropriate mechanism. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 110, orportions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. Byway of example, and not limitation, FIG. 1 illustrates remoteapplication programs 185 as residing on remote computer 180. It will beappreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and othermeans of establishing a communications link between the computers may beused.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a mobile device 200, which is an exemplarycomputing environment. Mobile device 200 includes a microprocessor 202,memory 204, input/output (I/O) components 206, and a communicationinterface 208 for communicating with remote computers or other mobiledevices. In one embodiment, the afore-mentioned components are coupledfor communication with one another over a suitable bus 210.

Memory 204 is implemented as non-volatile electronic memory such asrandom access memory. (RAM) with a battery back-up module (not shown)such that information stored in memory 204 is not lost when the generalpower to mobile device 200 is shut down. A portion of memory 204 ispreferably allocated as addressable memory for program execution, whileanother portion of memory 204 is preferably used for storage, such as tosimulate storage on a disk drive.

Memory 204 includes an operating system 212, application programs 214 aswell as an object store 216. During operation, operating system 212 ispreferably executed by processor 202 from memory 204. Operating system212, in one preferred embodiment, is a WINDOWS® CE brand operatingsystem commercially available from Microsoft Corporation. Operatingsystem 212 is preferably designed for mobile devices, and implementsdatabase features that can be utilized by applications 214 through a setof exposed application programming interfaces and methods. The objectsin object store 216 are maintained by applications 214 and operatingsystem 212, at least partially in response to calls to the exposedapplication programming interfaces and methods.

Communication interface 208 represents numerous devices and technologiesthat allow mobile device 200 to send and receive information. Thedevices include wired and wireless modems, satellite receivers andbroadcast tuners to name a few. Mobile device 200 can also be directlyconnected to a computer to exchange data therewith. In such cases,communication interface 208 can be an infrared transceiver or a serialor parallel communication connection, all of which are capable oftransmitting streaming information.

Input/output components 206 include a variety of input devices such as atouch-sensitive screen, buttons, rollers, and a microphone as well as avariety of output devices including an audio generator, a vibratingdevice, and a display. The devices listed above are by way of exampleand need not all be present on mobile device 200. In addition, otherinput/output devices may be attached to or found with mobile device 200within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for automaticallylaying out forms based on the size of text in the form by utilizing aset of automatic layout parameters that are separate from the automaticlayout code.

FIG. 3 provides a diagram of a sample form 300 that includes panel 302,HELP button 304, APPLY button 306, CANCEL button 308, column label 310,label 312 and combo box 314. Panel 302 includes label 316 and BACKbutton 318. In FIG. 3, dashed lines represent grid lines that are usedin performing the automatic layout function of the present invention.These grid lines do not appear when the form is displayed.

FIG. 4 provides a block diagram of components used under the presentinvention to perform of an automatic layout of a form. In FIG. 4, formcode 400 defines the operation of the form. When form code 400 isinstantiated, it generates a form tree 402 that defines the hierarchicalstructure of control nodes in the form. For example, in FIG. 3, backbutton 318 is a child control node of panel 302, which is a child nodeof form 300. In form tree 402, form code 400 sets the properties for thevarious controls. One of these properties includes text that is toappear in the control on the form. Under many embodiments, this text istaken from a text resource file 404. Text resource file 404 is separatefrom form code 400 and may be modified without recompiling form code400. As such, the text that appears in the controls can be changedwithout recompiling form code 400.

Once form tree 402 has been constructed, form code 400 triggers an ONLAYOUT event. This event causes a procedure in the form to call autolayout code 406. Auto layout code 406 uses form tree 402 and a set ofauto layout parameters 408 to position and align the controls within theform. Auto layout parameters 408 define the alignment and growthparameters of the various controls in the forms. In one embodiment, autolayout parameters 408 are provided as an extensible Markup Language(XML) document.

Since auto layout parameters 408 are separate from auto layout code 406and form code 400, auto layout code 406 and form code 400 do not need tobe recompiled in order to change the manner in which auto layout code406 aligns the control elements of the form during the automatic layoutprocess.

An example of auto layout parameters 408 written in XML is providedbelow:

<FormAutoLayout>  <Container>   <Target>Form2</Target>  <ContainerFill>False</ContainerFill>   <Grid>    <GridX>0</GridX>   <GridY>0</GridY>    <SpanX>0</SpanX>    <SpanY>0</SpanY>   <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>   <VerticalPostPadding>0</VerticalPostPadding>   <HorizontalPrePadding>0</HorizontalPrePadding>   <HorizontalPostPadding>0</HorizontalPostPadding>   <HorizontalAlignment>     Stretch    </HorizontalAlignment>   <VerticalAlignment>Stretch</VerticalAlignment>   <GrowingRows>1</GrowingRows>    <GroupedRows></GroupedRows>   <GrowingColumns>0,1,2</GrowingColumns>   <GroupedColumns>0,1,2</GroupedColumns>    <Control>    <Name>Panel1</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>      False    </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     <GridX>0</GridX>     <GridY>0</GridY>    <SpanX>2</SpanX>     <SpanY>0</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>0</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      0     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>0</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     </HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>      Stretch     </VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      0     </HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>0</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>   <Control>     <Name>btnHelp</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     True     </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>    <VerticalMinSize>23</VerticalMinSize>    <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>     <GridX>0</GridX>    <GridY>2</GridY>     <SpanX>0</SpanX>     <SpanY>0</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>4</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      8     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>8</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     <HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Min</VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      9     <HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>9</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>   <Control>     <Name>btnApply</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     True     </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>    <VerticalMinSize>23</VerticalMinSize>    <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>     <GridX>1</GridX>    <GridY>2</GridY>     <SpanX>0</SpanX>     <SpanY>0</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>4</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      8     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>8</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     <HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Max</VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      9     </HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>9</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>   <Control>     <Name>btnCancel</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     True     </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>    <VerticalMinSize>23</VerticalMinSize>    <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>     <GridX>2</GridX>    <GridY>2</GridY>     <SpanX>0</SpanX>     <SpanY>0</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>4</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      8     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>8</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     </HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Min</VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      9     </HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>9</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>   <Control>     <Name>ColumnLabel</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     True     </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>    <VerticalMinSize>90</VerticalMinSize>    <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>     <GridX>3</GridX>    <GridY>0</GridY>     <SpanX>0</SpanX>     <SpanY>2</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>5</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>5</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      5     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>5</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     </HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Stretch</VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      9     </HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>9</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>    <Grid>    <GridX>0</GridX>     <GridY>1</GridY>     <SpanX>2</SpanX>    <SpanY>0</SpanY>     <VerticalPostPadding>8</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>8</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      16     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>16</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     </HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Stretch</VerticalAlignment>    <GrowingRows></GrowingRows>     <GroupedRows></GroupedRows>    <GrowingColumns></GrowingColumns>    <GroupedColumns>0,1</GroupedColumns>     <Control>     <Name>lablelforcombo</Name>       <GridX>0</GridX>      <GridY>0</GridY>       <SpanX>0</SpanX>       <SpanY>0</SpanY>      <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>        True       </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>      <VerticalMinSize>21</VerticalMinSize>      <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>      <VerticalPostPadding>0</VerticalPostPadding>      <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>      <HorizontalPostPadding>        0       </HorizontalPostPadding>      <HorizontalPrePadding>        16       </HorizontalPrePadding>      <HorizontalAlignment>        Max       </HorizontalAlignment>      <VerticalAlignment>Center</VerticalAlignment>      <HorizontalTextPadding>        5       </HorizontalTextPadding>      <VerticalTextPadding>5</VerticalTextPadding>     </Control>    <Control>      <Name>combobox1</Name>       <GridX>1</GridX>      <GridY>0</GridY>       <SpanX>0</SpanX>       <SpanY>0</SpanY>      <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>        True       </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>      <VerticalMinSize>21</VerticalMinSize>      <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>      <VerticalPostPadding>0</VerticalPostPadding>      <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>      <HorizontalPostPadding>        16       </HorizontalPostPadding>      <HorizontalPrePadding>        5       </HorizontalPrePadding>      <HorizontalAlignment>        Min       </HorizontalAlignment>      <VerticalAlignment>Center</VerticalAlignment>      <HorizontalTextPadding>        5       </HorizontalTextPadding>      <VerticalTextPadding>5</VerticalTextPadding>     </Control>   </Grid>   </Grid>  </Container>  <Container>  <Target>Panel1</Target>   <Grid>    <GridX>0</GridX>   <GridY>0</GridY>    <SpanX>0</SpanX>    <SpanY>0</SpanY>   <VerticalPostPadding>0</VerticalPostPadding>   <VerticalPrePadding>0</VerticalPrePadding>   <HorizontalPostPadding>0</HorizontalPostPadding>   <HorizontalPrePadding>0</HorizontalPrePadding>   <HorizontalAlignment>     Stretch    </HorizontalAlignment>   <VerticalAlignment>Stretch</VerticalAlignment>   <GrowingRows></GrowingRows>    <GroupedRows></GroupedRows>   <GrowingColumns>1</GrowingColumns>   <GroupedColumns></GroupedColumns>    <Control>    <Name>panellabel</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>      True    </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     <VerticalMinSize>20</VerticalMinSize>    <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>     <GridX>0</GridX>    <GridY>0</GridY>     <SpanX>0</SpanX>     <SpanY>0</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>5</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>5</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      5     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>5</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     </HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Stretch</VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      9     </HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>9</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>   <Control>     <Name>btnBack</Name>     <UseTextSizeAsMinimum>     True     </UseTextSizeAsMinimum>    <VerticalMinSize>20</VerticalMinSize>    <HorizontalMinSize>75</HorizontalMinSize>     <GridX>2</GridX>    <GridY>0</GridY>     <SpanX>0</SpanX>     <SpanY>0</SpanY>    <VerticalPostPadding>5</VerticalPostPadding>    <VerticalPrePadding>5</VerticalPrePadding>    <HorizontalPostPadding>      5     </HorizontalPostPadding>    <HorizontalPrePadding>5</HorizontalPrePadding>    <HorizontalAlignment>      Stretch     </HorizontalAlignment>    <VerticalAlignment>Stretch</VerticalAlignment>    <HorizontalTextPadding>      9     </HorizontalTextPadding>    <VerticalTextPadding>9</VerticalTextPadding>    </Control>   </Grid> </Container> </FormAutoLayout>

In the example above, the auto layout parameters for an application aredefined within <FormAutoLayout> tags. Within the <FormAutoLayout> tags,three types of entities are defined. A container entity, defined between<Container> tags, is an entity that may hold a collection of controlelements. Examples of such entities include forms and panels. The secondtype of entity defined in the form auto layout definition is a gridentity, defined within <Grid> tags. A grid entry is a virtual entitythat does not appear on the rendered form. Instead, a grid entitydefines a set of rows and columns that are used to position childentities defined within the <Grid> tags. Such child entities can includechild grid entities. The third type of entity defined in the form autolayout definition is a control entity. Each control entity is associatedwith a control element in the form such as a panel, a button, a label,or a box.

The position of a grid entity or a control entity is defined within aset of <GridX> and <GridY> tags within the entities outer tags. Thevalue between the <GridX> tags indicates the virtual column that theentity begins in and the value in the <GridY> tags indicates the virtualrow that the entity begins in. Grid and control entities may span morethan one column or row. The number of columns spanned by an entity isdesignated by a value between <SpanX> tags and the number of rows thatthe entity spans is designated between <SpanY> tags. Under oneembodiment of the present invention, the rows and columns are numberedbeginning with the value of zero and increasing with each column in aleft to right manner and increasing with each row in a top to bottommanner. In addition, an entity that occupies a single row or a singlecolumn is said to span zero columns or rows. Thus, an entity thatoccupies three columns will have a SPANX value of 2.

The space where an entity may be located within the rows and columns itoccupies can be limited by setting padding values that define pads ormargins along the edges of the rows and columns occupied by the entity.In particular, a value between <VerticalPrePadding> tags indicates thesize of a pad in pixels that extends from the top-most edge of the topmost row spanned by the entity; the value in the <VerticalPostPadding>tags indicates the size of a pad in pixels that extends upward from thebottom edge of the bottom-most row spanned by the entity; the value inthe <HorizontalPrePadding> tags indicates the size of a pad in pixelsextending to the right from the left edge of the left-most column andthe value in the <HorizontalPostPadding> tags indicates the size of apad in pixels extending to the left from the right edge of theright-most column spanned by the entity. Note that although the sizes ofthe pads are described above in terms of pixels, in other embodiments,other distance measures may be used including logical measures thatallow scaling.

Within the space defined by the inner edges of the padding, the entitymay be aligned horizontally in one of four different ways and verticallyin one of four different ways. The horizontal and vertical alignmentsare designated in <HorizontalAlignment> tags and <VerticalAlignment>tags, respectively. The possible values for the horizontal and verticalalignments are:

-   -   max: places the entity next to the right pad for horizontal        alignment and next to the bottom pad for vertical alignment;    -   min: places the entity next to the left pad for horizontal        alignment and next to the top pad for vertical alignment;    -   center: centers the entity within the space defined by the        interior edges of the padding; and    -   stretch: expands the entity to occupy all of the space between        the left and right pads for horizontal alignment and between the        top an bottom pads for vertical alignment.

Grid entities include <GrowingRows> tags and <GrowingColumns> tags,which are used to designate those rows and columns within the grid thatare to be expanded when distributing excess space across the grid. Thisexcess space is the difference between the minimum size for the grid andthe desired size for the grid. When rows or columns are designated asgrowing rows or growing columns, only those rows or columns are expandedwhen assigning excess space. If no rows are designated as growing rows,the excess space in the vertical direction is distributed evenly acrossall rows of the grid. If no columns are designated as growing columns,the excess space in the horizontal direction is distributed evenlyacross all columns of the grid.

The grid definition also includes tags for <GroupRows> and<GroupColumns>. Rows or columns that are found between a set of grouprows or grouped columns are forced to have the same size as each other.Thus, if one column in a set of group columns has its size increased,all of the other columns in the group must have their size increased tomatch. Multiple sets of grouped rows and grouped column tags may bepresent in a grid definition.

For a control entity, a set of tags is provided for determining theminimum size of the control. One set of tags, <VerticalMinSize> and<HorizontalMinSize>, designate the minimum vertical and horizontal size,respectively, in terms of pixels for the control entity. The tag<UseTextSizeAs Minimum> takes Boolean values and indicates whether theminimum size of the control is to be set based on the text associatedwith the control. When this Boolean value is true, auto layout code 406determines the minimum size of the control by requesting the size of thetext that has been associated with the control in form tree 402. Manyoperating systems provide functions that return the size of text giventhe text, its font and its font size. The size of the text is returnedin terms of pixels.

Control nodes may also include tags for defining padding between theedges of the text and the edges of the control. This padding is definedin terms of pixels by designating values between the tags<HorizontalTextPadding> and the tags <VerticalTextPadding>.

Each control includes a pair of <Name> tags that have a name value thatassociates the control with its definition in form tree 402. Thus, thename of the control in the <Name> tags corresponds to the name of thecontrol in form tree 402.

As shown in the example above, grid nodes may be nested within eachother to form a hierarchy of grids. Containers are not nested withineach other.

FIG. 5 provides a flow diagram for a method for setting the layout of aform automatically to adjust to the size of text in the form.

In step 500, the size for the entire form is obtained. This size istypically set in the instructions that instantiate the form. At step502, the minimum size for the form is determined. This minimum size isbased on the minimum size of the controls in the form. For thosecontrols that use the text size as their minimum, the minimum size ofthe controls is determined based on the text assigned to the controls.The process for determining the minimum size of a control is discussedfurther below in connection with FIGS. 6 and 7. After the minimum sizeof the form has been determined, the difference between the desired sizefor the form determined in step 500 and the minimum size determined instep 502 is distributed as excess size within the form at step 504. Oncethe excess space has been distributed within the form, the process endsat step 506.

FIG. 6 provides a flow diagram for determining the minimum size of aform. At step 600 of FIG. 6, the form is set as the current container.Using the auto layout parameters 408 for the form, the first entitydefined in the container tags for the form is selected. In mostembodiments, the container contains a root grid entity, which forms thetop-most entity of the container. After an entity is selected at step602, the process of FIG. 6 determines if the selected entity is acontrol entity at step 604. If the selected entity is not a control, itis a grid entity and the process continues at step 606, where the gridentity is set as the parent entity. The process then returns to step 602to select a child entity of the newly set parent entity. Through steps604, 606, and 602, the process is able to perform a recursion intonested grid entities.

When a child entity selected at step 602 is a control entity at step604, the process of FIG. 6 determines if the minimum size for thecontrol can be determined within the current container definition atstep 608. The minimum size for a control is determinable within acurrent container definition if values are provided for the<VerticalMinSize> and <HorizontalMinSize> tags or if the<UseTextSizeAsMinimum> tags are set to True. If the<UseTextSizeAsMinimum> tags are set to False and no <VerticalMinSize> or<HorizontalMinSize> value has been set for the control, the minimum sizefor the control cannot be determined from the current containerdefinition. This can occur when the control represents a container andthe minimum size of that container can only be determined through thecontainer definition associated with that control. For example, a panelwill appear as a control in a container definition. However, the minimumsize of the panel will often be defined through the panel's owncontainer definition.

In FIG. 6, if the minimum size is not determinable within the currentcontainer definition at step 608, the process continues at step 610where the container referenced by the control is set as the currentcontainer and as the parent entity. The process then returns to step 602to select a child entity of the referenced container. For example, inthe layout above, when the control definition for the Panel1 control isselected at step 602, its minimum size cannot be determined. As aresult, the container definition for Panel1, which is found between<Container> tags that include a pair of <Target> tags with the value of“Panel1”, is set as the current container and is set as the parententity in step 610. A child entity of that container definition is thenselected at step 602. Thus, using steps 608, 610, and 602, the presentinvention is able to perform a recursion into imbedded containersdefined within a larger container.

If the minimum size of the selected control node can be determined atstep 608, its minimum size is determined at step 612. To determine theminimum size of a control node, the method first looks at the<UseTextSizeAsMinimum> value to see if it has been set to False. If ithas been set to False, the initial minimum sizes of the control aredetermined by the sizes set in the <VerticalMinSize> and<HorizontalMinSize> tags.

If the <UseTextSizeAsMinimum> value is True, the process requests theminimum size required for the text associated with the control. Forexample, for HELP button 304, the process would request the textassociated with the button from the form tree 402. This text would thenbe passed to an operating system method that will return the verticaland horizontal dimensions of the text in terms of pixels. Once thedimensions of the text have been returned to the process, the verticaldimensions of the text are compared to the minimum size set in the<VerticalMinSize> tags and the horizontal dimensions are compared to theminimum size set in the <HorizontalMinSize> tags. The larger of the twohorizontal values is then selected as the initial minimum horizontaldimension for the control and the larger of the two vertical dimensionsis selected as the initial minimum vertical dimension for the control.

The initial minimum horizontal dimension for the control is then addedto the value provided in the <HorizontalTextPadding> tags, if any, andto the values provided in the <HorizontalPrePadding> and<HorizontalPostPadding> tags, if any, to determine the final minimumhorizontal dimension of the control. Similarly, the initial minimumvertical dimension for the control is added the value in the<VerticalTextPadding> tags, if any, and to the values in the<VerticalPrePadding> and <VerticalPostPadding> tags, if any, todetermine the final minimum vertical dimension for the control.

After the minimum size has been determined for the control at step 612,the process of FIG. 6 continues at step 614 where it determines if thereare more child entities in the parent entity. If there are more childentities, the next child entity is selected at step 602. If there are nomore entities in the parent entity, the process continues at step 616where it determines if the parent entity is a grid. If the parent entityis grid, the process continues at step 618 where the minimum sizes ofthe child entities in the grid are used to determine the minimum size ofthe parent grid. The parent grid is then set as the current entity.

FIG. 7 provides a flow diagram of a process for performing step 618 ofFIG. 6. At step 700, all of the columns and rows of the grid have theirdimensions set to zero. At step 702, the tags provided for the grid aresearched to determine if any grouped rows or grouped columns are presentand have not been processed. If a set of grouped columns or rows has notbeen processed, it is selected at step 704 and the size for each columnor row in the group is set to the maximum of the minimum size of anychild entities that have a zero span and are located in one of thecolumns/rows of the group.

Thus, if three columns were grouped together, and a zero-span childentity has a horizontal dimension of 10 in the first column, and azero-span child entity has a horizontal dimension of 25 in a secondcolumn, all of the columns in the group would have their horizontaldimension set to 25. Similarly, in a group of rows, if a zero-span childentity has a vertical dimension of 15 in a first row and a zero-spanchild entity in a second row has a vertical dimension of 8, all of thevertical dimensions for the rows in the group would be set to 15. Steps702 and 704 are repeated until all of the groups for the grid have beenprocessed.

At step 706, a non-zero span child entity of the grid is selected. Atstep 708, all of the growable columns and rows spanned by the childentity are expanded uniformly to meet the minimum size required for thechild entity. For example, if a child entity spans two columns, but onlyone of the columns is growable, only that column will be grownhorizontally to accommodate the minimum required for the child entity.Note that columns are grown horizontally and rows are grown verticallyand that all columns extend the entire length of the grid and all rowsextend the entire width of the grid.

At step 710, rows and columns grouped with rows and columns that wereexpanded in step 708 are also expanded so that their size matches thesize of the rows and columns that were expanded at step 708. Thisensures that all grouped rows and columns have the same dimensions. Atstep 712, the process determines if there are more non-zero span childentities of the grid. If there are more non-zero span child entities,the next non-zero span child entity is selected at step 706 and steps708 and 710 are repeated.

When there are no more non-zero span child entities at step 712, theprocess continues at step 714 where the horizontal dimensions of all ofthe columns in the grid are summed to provide the horizontal dimensionof the grid and the vertical dimensions of all of the rows in the gridare summed to provide the vertical dimension of the grid. At step 716,padding values associated with the <VerticalPrePadding> and<VerticalPostPadding> tags of the grid are added to the verticaldimension of the internal size of the grid, and padding valuesassociated with the <HorizontalPrePadding> and <HorizontalPostPadding>tags of the grid are added to the horizontal dimension of the internalsize of the grid to provide the final size for the grid at step 716.

Returning to FIG. 6, after the minimum size of the grid has beendetermined at step 618, and the grid has been set as the current entity,the process returns to step 614 to determine if there are more childentities for the parent of the grid. If there are more child entities,the process returns to step 602. Through steps 618 and 614, the processof FIG. 6 is able to step back up to the parent entity after performingthe recursion for the grid.

When the parent entity of the current entity is not a grid node at step616, the process continues at step 620 where it determines if thecurrent container is top container. Note that the only time a parententity will not be equal to a grid in step 616 is when the parent entityis a container. If the current container is not the top container, forexample if the current container represents a panel that is found withina form container, the process continues at step 622 where the minimumsize of the control that references the current container is set equalto the size of the current container. In addition, the control thatreferences the current container is set as the current entity. Theparent container of the current container is then set as the currentcontainer and the process returns to step 614. Thus, through steps 620and 622, after determining the minimum size recursively for a nestedcontainer, the process returns to processing the parent entity in whichthe nested container is referenced.

When the process reaches step 620 and the current container is the topcontainer, the minimum size for the form is set equal to the minimumsize determined for the root grid entity of the form. This is shown asstep 624 in FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 provides a flow diagram for distributing the excess size within aform. At step 800, the form is set as the current container. At step802, the current container is set as the parent entity and at step 804 achild entity of the parent entity is selected. Using the size of thecolumns and rows that the selected entity spans and thehorizontal/vertical alignment property and padding properties, the sizeand position for the entity is determined at step 806. For a formcontainer, there is one row and one column where the column has a widthequal to the desired size for the form and the row has a verticaldimension equal to the desired vertical dimension of the form.

The size of the columns and rows define a space that is reduced based onthe padding associated with the child entity. Within the space leftafter padding, the child entity can be positioned at the edges of thespace if the alignment properties are MAX or MIN, or in the center ofthe space if the alignment properties are CENTER. In addition, the childentity can be positioned across the entire space after padding if thealignment properties are set to STRETCH.

After the position and size of the selected entity has been determinedat step 806, the process determines if the selected entity is a gridentity at step 808. If the selected entity is not a grid entity, butinstead a control entity, the process determines if the control entityhas an associated container definition and therefor represents anembedded container at step 810. If the entity is a container, itscontainer definition is set as the current container at step 812 and theprocess returns to step 802 to set the current container as the parententity. In this manner, the process of FIG. 8 is able to recursivelymove down through container entities that are embedded into othercontainer nodes. If the control entity does not represent a container atstep 810, the process returns to step 804 to select the next childentity of the parent entity.

If the entity selected at step 804 is a grid at step 808, the processcontinues at step 814 where the difference between the size determinedfor the entity at step 806 and the minimum size for the grid isdistributed as extra space uniformly over all the growable columns/rowsof the grid. If none of the columns or rows are listed as growable, theextra space is distributed uniformly across all columns and rows. Forexample, if rows 2 and 4 were growable, the vertical extra space wouldbe divided in two and assigned equally to rows 2 and 4. The verticaldimensions of rows 1 and 3 would be left at the minimum vertical space.However, if none of the rows were designated as being growable, theextra vertical space would be distributed evenly across all four of therows.

After the extra space for the grid has been distributed across thegrowable columns/rows, the grid entity is set as the parent entity atstep 816. The process then determines if there are child entities forthe new parent entity at step 818. If there are child entities, theprocess returns to step 804 to select one of the child entities. Thenewly sized rows and columns of the grid are then used to resize thechild entity through step 806.

When there are no more child entities at step 818, the process continuesat step 820 where it determines if the parent grid is the root gridentity for a container. If parent grid is not a root grid entity, theprocess continues at step 822 where it sets the parent of the gridentity, which is the grandparent of the current child entity, as theparent entity. Thus, when a grid appears as a child entity of anothergrid, step 822 will return to the processing of the upper level gridafter the lower level grid has been expanded.

When the parent grid is the root grid entity for a container at step820, the process continues at step 824 where it determines if the rootgrid entity is in a form container. If it is not in a form container,the parent container to the current container is set as the currentcontainer at step 830. The process then returns to step 802 to set thecurrent container as the parent entity. This allows the process toreturn to the expansion of a parent container after expanding anembedded container.

When the parent root grid is in a form container at step 828, all of thenested grids and containers have been expanded and all of the controlnodes have been sized and positioned in the form. The process then endsat step 832.

In some embodiments, the minimum size of form is determined for thehorizontal dimension and then the vertical dimension. The excess spaceis then distributed along the horizontal dimension and then the verticaldimension. In other embodiments, the minimum size is determined for thehorizontal dimension and then the excess horizontal space is distributedalong the horizontal dimension. The minimum size along the verticaldimension is then determined followed by the distribution of excessspace along the vertical dimension.

In one embodiment, tags are provided for control entities that allow theminimum size of the vertical dimension to be based on the finalhorizontal dimension of the control. In particular, these tags allowcontrols to be sized to accept lines of text that have the property ofwrapping to fill a space. Such text will form multiple lines of textthat fill the horizontal space provided for the text. Under suchembodiments, the final horizontal size for the control is determinedfirst by determining the minimum horizontal size of the form anddistributing the excess horizontal space as discussed above. Once thissize is set, a routine is called to determine how many lines the textwill occupy given the horizontal space it occupies. The number of linesof text and the size of the text are then used to derive the minimumvertical size for the text. This minimum size is then used to determinethe minimum vertical size of the form as discussed above. The excessvertical size can then be distributed.

Although the present invention has been described with reference toparticular embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize thatchanges may be made in form and detail without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention.

1. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executableinstructions stored thereon, the computer-executable instructionscomprising: sizing and alignment parameters that describe a size andalignment of elements to be displayed in a form, at least one sizingparameter indicating that the size of an element should change toaccommodate text associated with the element wherein the sizing andalignment parameters comprise parameters that define a grid entity, thegrid entity comprising at least one row and at least one column andparameters that group at least two rows together such that all of therows in a group have a same vertical dimension size; and sizing andpositioning instructions, separate from the sizing and alignmentparameters such that the sizing and alignment parameters may be modifiedwithout having access to the sizing and positioning instructions, thesizing and positioning instructions setting the size and position ofelements in the form based on the sizing and alignment parameters. 2.The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein the sizing andpositioning instructions further comprise: instructions to determine aminimum size for a dimension of the form; instructions to determine anamount of extra space for the form, the extra space representing thedifference between the minimum size for the dimension of the font and adesired size for the dimension of the form; and instructions todistribute the extra space across the form by setting the size of thedimension of at least one element so that it is larger than a minimumsize for the dimension of the element.
 3. The computer-readable storagemedium of claim 2 wherein the instructions to determine the minimum sizefor the dimension of the form further comprise instructions to determinethe minimum size for the dimension for elements in the form.
 4. Thecomputer-readable storage medium of claim 3 wherein the instructions todetermine the minimum size for the dimension of an element furthercomprise: instructions to obtain text associated with the element;instructions to determine the size of the text; and instructions to usethe size of the text to determine the minimum size for the dimension ofthe element.
 5. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 4 whereinthe instructions to use the size of the text to determine the minimumsize for the dimension of the element further comprise: instructions tocompute a minimum size for the element based on the size of the text;instructions to compare the minimum size computed from the text to aminimum size for the element designated in the sizing and alignmentparameters; and instructions to use the larger of the two minimum sizesas the minimum size for the dimension of the element.
 6. Thecomputer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein the sizing andalignment parameters further comprise parameters that designate at leastone row as growable and at least one row as not growable such that thevertical size of the grid entity is changed by changing the verticalsize of the rows that are growable without changing the vertical size ofthe rows that are not growable.
 7. The computer-readable storage mediumof claim 1 wherein the sizing and alignment parameters further compriseparameters that designate at least one column as growable and at leastone column as not growable such that the horizontal size of the gridentity is changed by changing the horizontal size of the rows that aregrowable without changing the horizontal size of the rows that are notgrowable.
 8. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein thesizing and alignment parameters further comprise parameters that groupat least two columns together such that all of the columns in a grouphave a same horizontal dimension size.
 9. The computer-readable storagemedium of claim 1 wherein the sizing and alignment parameters furtherdesignate the position of an element within a grid entity by designatinga row and column in the grid entity occupied by at least a portion ofthe element.
 10. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 9 whereinthe sizing and alignment parameters further designate rows and columnsspanned by the element.
 11. A method comprising: determining a minimumsize of a form based in part on a plurality of text entries to bedisplayed in a plurality of respective elements in the form; determiningthe difference between the minimum size of the form and a requested sizefor the form; and setting the size and position of elements in the formbased at least in part on the difference between the minimum size of theform and the requested size for the form.
 12. The method of claim 11wherein determining a minimum size of the form comprises accessing a setof parameters that describe the alignment and relative positioning ofelements in the form and using the parameters to determine the minimumsize of the form.
 13. The method of claim 12 wherein the set ofparameters comprises parameters that describe a grid entity comprisingrows and columns.
 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the set ofparameters further comprise parameters that indicate the location of anelement within a grid entity.
 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the setof parameters further comprises parameters that indicate the rows andcolumns of a grid entity spanned by an element.
 16. The method of claim15 wherein determining the minimum size of the form comprisesdetermining the minimum size of a grid entity in the form.
 17. Themethod of claim 16 wherein determining the minimum size of a grid entitycomprises determining the minimum size of an element positioned in thegrid entity.
 18. The method of claim 17 wherein determining the minimumsize of a grid entity comprises setting the minimum size of a row in thegrid entity so that it is equal to the minimum size of the largestelement that is positioned in the row and that does not span other rows.19. A system comprising: a processor; a memory communicatively coupledto the processor, the memory having stored therein computer-executableinstructions configured to implement the system including; a sizing andalignment component, comprising: parameters that describe a size andalignment of elements to be displayed in a form, at least one sizingparameter indicating that the size of an element should change toaccommodate text associated with the element wherein the sizing andalignment parameters comprise parameters that define a grid entity, thegrid entity comprising at least one row and at least one column andparameters that group at least two rows together such that all of therows in a group have a same vertical dimension size; and a sizing andpositioning component comprising: sizing and positioning instructions,separate from the sizing and alignment parameters such that the sizingand alignment parameters may be modified without having access to thesizing and positioning instructions, the sizing and positioninginstructions setting the size and position of elements in the form basedon the sizing and alignment parameters.